Monthly Archives: May 2020

How You Can Prevent Chronic Kidney Disease

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Chronic kidney disease or chronic kidney failure refers to the progressive and irreversible degradation of renal function, in which prevention and early diagnosis are essential for survival.

Local medical statistics show that approximately ten million Indians suffer from chronic kidney disease and that, annually, the number of cases increases by up to 10%. Specialized medical care and timely intervention prevent the need for dialysis and kidney transplant in Delhi.

Causes and risk factors

The kidneys perform the important function of filtering excess residues and fluids from the blood, which are then excreted through the urine. When renal function becomes deficient, large amounts of fluids, electrolytes, and waste accumulate in the body.

In the early stages of chronic kidney disease, the signs and symptoms are indistinguishable. Renal failure presents clinical manifestations when renal function is almost lost, in about 90% of cases, says nephrologist in Delhi.

Among the diseases and medical conditions that can cause chronic kidney disease are:

– type 1 and 2 diabetes;

– high blood pressure;

– glomerulonephritis;

– interstitial nephritis;

– polycystic kidney disease;

– prolonged obstruction of the urinary tract (caused by an enlarged prostate, kidney stones or some types of cancer);

– bladder-urethral reflux;

– pyelonephritis (recurrent kidney infections).

The risk factors that increase the susceptibility to chronic kidney failure are

– diabetes;

– high blood pressure;

– heart disease;

– smoking;

– obesity;

– high cholesterol level;

– heredity;

– age over 65 years.

Prevention of renal failure

The key to preventing or stopping the evolution of chronic kidney disease is early detection of renal dysfunction and aggressive intervention by nephrologist in Delhi, so as to slow the progression of the disease.

Because diabetes and high blood pressure are responsible for two-thirds of the cases of chronic kidney failure, following proper treatment to control these conditions also means a diminished risk of renal function. Even if you have not been diagnosed so far, ask for the following urinalysis.

– Uroculture. Check the level of protein, glucose, and blood in the urine.

– Blood pressure control.

– Blood glucose test.

– Test for creatinine in the blood. It measures the amount of residues resulting from muscle activity. When the kidneys are not functioning properly, the creatinine level increases.

A study published in the specialty journal The American Journal of Kidney Diseases in April 2013 showed that unhealthy eating choices, obesity, and smoking are associated with a significantly increased risk of kidney disease installation.

The researchers mentioned that, unlike genetic predisposition, diet, vices, and overweight are risk factors that can be controlled to prevent the degeneration of renal function. In this regard, best nephrologist in Delhi recommends you

– Reduce your daily sodium intake.

– Avoid eating red meat frequently (diets high in animal protein can be harmful to the kidneys).

– Do not consume sour juices. Many of these beverages contain phosphorus additives, which affect the health of the kidneys.

– Discard processed foods. Potato chips, biscuits, cheese creams, semi-preparations, and sausages are examples of foods rich in phosphorus and salt additives, potentially destructive to kidney function.

– Reduce your sugar intake. The abuse of sweets increases the risk of diabetes and obesity, both associated with kidney disease.

– Consume alcohol in moderation. Excessive consumption of alcoholic beverages has important negative effects on the health of the kidneys and their role in maintaining the optimum level of fluids, electrolytes, and acid-base balance.

– Carefully analyze the side effects of medicines. Aspirin, ibuprofen or acetaminophen can cause renal dysfunction when administered incorrectly or without the recommendation of a kidney specialist in Delhi.

– Keep your weight under control. Move at least 30 minutes every day and get rid of excess weight, if any.

– Quit smoking.

Prevention of chronic kidney disease in diabetes

One possible and very dangerous complication of diabetes is chronic kidney failure. Since the kidneys are the ones that filter out the blood residues, and diabetes is manifested by too much glucose in the blood, the kidney function is overstimulated. Eventually, the kidneys will no longer be able to fulfill their essential role for survival. Capillary vessels become more porous and begin to escape from residues and proteins that should not be filtered normally reach the urine, says nephrologist in Noida.

High blood pressure affects blood vessels throughout the body, including those that feed the kidneys. Thus, treating elevated blood pressure, which involves quitting smoking, following a dietary diet and regular movement, is essential for the maintenance of renal function, suggests nephrologist in Gurgaon.

Patients with diabetes should undergo at least 3 endocrinological checks per year to monitor urine (microalbuminuria) and creatinine levels in the blood (excess creatinine indicates difficulties with renal function in filtering blood).

Just follow the recommendations of the best kidney specialist in Delhi regarding keeping the glycemic index under control through diet, sports or the administration of insulin or other medicines. Check your blood sugar level regularly!

Call your doctor for kidney in Delhi immediately for the first sign of kidney or bladder infection, such as burning or pain in urine, turbid or redness urine, lower back pain or body tremor.

Five Things You Need to Know to Care for Your Kidneys

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Water intake and carbohydrate moderation preserve kidney function

World Kidney Day was created to make the population aware of the necessary care to take care of kidney health. They are responsible for maintaining the balance of the internal environment and vital functions, that is, the composition of the liquid that surrounds the cells. For this to happen, it filters 1,700 liters of blood per day and eliminates several unwanted substances. Thus, the malfunction of the kidneys impacts on all health.

According to the Nephrologist in Delhi, human genetic inheritance was not made for sedentary lifestyle and poor diet, which makes the current lifestyle the most impacting risk factor in life expectancy. The five habits to take better care of your kidney and body health are:

  1. Drink water

Consuming at least two liters of water a day not only hydrates the body but also promotes generalized care to the body, including kidney function.

“When there’s a scarcity of water within the body, the kidneys cannot work properly and their filtering operate is weakened, which may accumulate unwanted toxins within the body”, explains the nephrologist in Noida.

In order to know more precisely the amount of water to be ingested daily, it is advisable to see a kidney specialist in Noida, who will make a general assessment of the organism.

  1. Avoid excess body fat

The more fat the patient has stored in the body, the more danger it poses to both the kidneys and other organs, such as the heart and liver. The area to be irrigated by the blood also increases, making the kidneys need to work harder than normal to supply the body’s new needs.

According to the nephrologist in Gurgaon, it is recommended that the patient who is overweight look for a nutrologist or nutritionist to assess his Body Mass Index (BMI) and make the necessary changes if necessary.

  1. Decrease the amount of salt and sugar

Excess salt and sugar in the diet can bring many problems to the patient’s health, such as high blood pressure (hypertension), diabetes and overweight. It is advisable to add as few of these components as possible on a daily basis and to avoid processed, frozen and processed foods as much as possible, which contain very large amounts of salt and sugar. Monitoring health through an annual check-up is also recommended by the kidney specialist in Delhi.

  1. Avoid self-medication

Self-medication, especially with anti-inflammatory drugs, is a habit that many people have, but few really understand what it can cause. The more unnecessary drugs the body receives, the more substances the kidney and liver will need to filter to avoid excess toxins, which, consequently, overloads kidney function.

“As harmless as a painkiller for routine use may seem, it should be taken only in the dosage indicated by the doctor and during the period he stipulated”, explains the doctor for kidney in Delhi.

  1. Practice physical exercises

Sedentary lifestyle is a great evil that can directly harm the body. Practicing physical exercises at least three times a week is a great way to fight obesity and prevent many diseases, such as those that affect the heart, liver and kidneys.

However, according to the nephrologist in Delhi, before starting to run or enter the gym, it is advisable to look for a doctor to assess if there are any impediment factors that restrict the practice of exercises.

weakness & infertility

Impotence And Recovery After Prostate Surgery

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Prostate cancer affects about 1 in 7 men.

The prostate is a gland of the male reproductive system that produces the fluid from which sperm is produced. This is below the man’s bladder and surrounds the upper part of the urethra.

Prostate cancer is a tumor that grows slowly and does not cause symptoms until it reaches an advanced stage. Fortunately, it is easy to treat, especially if diagnosed early. Early diagnosis remains the main method that helps lower mortality for this type of cancer.

Prostate cancer treatment can save lives, but can also cause severe side effects.

Among the treatment options in the case of the early stage of prostate cancer are:
– surgical intervention;
– radiotherapy ;
– careful and active supervision by the urologist in Delhi.

Adverse reactions may include factors that affect the lifestyle of people with prostate cancer. For example, one of the most common side effects is impotence, also known as erectile dysfunction. Another side effect is urinary incontinence.

What is Erectile Dysfunction?

Erection occurs when the brain transmits signals of sexual arousal to the nerves of the penis. Then the nerves signal the blood vessels in the penis to expand. The blood flow increases in the penis and makes it firmer and swollen. Thus, the penis becomes erect.

According to sexologist in Rohini, Erectile dysfunction is a condition that occurs when a man is unable to achieve an erection or maintains an erection long enough to have sex or achieve an orgasm.

It has nothing to do with the lack of sexual interest or the occasional difficulty in reaching or maintaining an erection, which affects most men at certain times in their lives.

Erectile dysfunction can be caused mainly by psychological factors, such as emotions or problems with the nervous system but also by physical factors related to blood vessels, nerves and hormones.

Surgery for prostate cancer and erectile dysfunction

Prostate cancer tends to be slow-growing cancer. Surgery may be a good option if your urologist in Pitampura considers that the location of the cancer is in the prostate gland. Also, the decision of surgery is dependent on age, general health, and other factors.

Radical prostatectomy is the most common surgical procedure and involves surgical removal of the prostate gland. The prostate gland is a donut-shaped gland that surrounds the urethra just below the bladder.

The urethra transports urine and semen from the body through the penis. This procedure eliminates the prostate, surrounding tissue and seminal vesicles

However, there are some risks associated with surgery. Two small bundles of nerves on both sides of the prostate are vulnerable to injury during surgery. This depends on the size and location of cancer.

The surgical procedure may require the removal of some nerves if there is a risk that this cancer may have invaded one or both sets of nerves. If both sets of nerves are removed, you may not be able to maintain an erection without the help of medical devices.

Recovery

After the operation is completed, you may be suffering from erectile dysfunction for several weeks, a year or more. This is caused by the fact that the surgery can hurt certain nerves, muscles and blood vessels involved in getting an erection.

There are other factors that affect erectile dysfunction during recovery and, therefore, it is difficult to say what the duration of recovery is. If nerve tissue injury occurs during a radical prostatectomy, it may cause a longer recovery. If you have suffered from erectile dysfunction before the surgery, it will not be resolved after the surgical procedure.

Improving prostate surgery techniques has led to much better results for many men. People with better erectile function prior to surgery may have a better outcome. It was found that about half of the men undergoing this surgical procedure will regain their pre-surgical function in the first year after the surgery, says urologist in Delhi.

In addition, other factors that may affect sexual health may be:

• older age;
• cardiovascular disease ;
• diabetes;
• smoking;
• obesity;
• excessive alcohol consumption ;
• sedentary lifestyle.

A healthy lifestyle can lead to a better recovery of erectile function and general well-being.

Treatment of erectile dysfunction

Medications or medical devices may help to recover from erectile dysfunction after surgery.

Popular medicines for erectile dysfunction treatment in Delhi can be very effective. About 75% of men suffering from this condition can successfully achieve erections with these drugs.

If you have a heart condition, your sexologist in Pitampura may recommend that you do not use erectile dysfunction drugs because of the risk of severe complications.

Men who cannot or do not want to take erectile dysfunction medications may consider a medical device, also known as a penis pump.

This device consists of a cylinder through which the penis is inserted, with an electric motor to create the aspiration and produce a vacuum environment around the penis. It causes blood to rise, helping to cause an erection.

The device is efficient for most users, being well tolerated by them.

Understanding the options for erectile dysfunction treatment in Delhi prior to surgery can help reduce pre-surgical anxiety. A consultation with your best sexologist in Delhi can ease you.

You may also want to talk to other men who have prostate cancer.

Talk to your doctor

Surgical removal of the prostate can be a lifesaver. Talk to your urologist in Pitampura about all treatment options if you have been diagnosed with prostate cancer.

Also, consider getting another opinion that can either confirm your doctor’s recommendation or provide you with other information and other solutions. Surely, the best urologist in Delhi will understand your interest in gathering more facts and perspectives.

Removal of cancer cells is the most important thing for maintaining the health of the body. However, you should consult with your sexologist in Delhi about returning to sexual activity after completion of treatment.

MENISCUS DAMAGE

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The meniscus is a semi-circular structure inside the knee located between the joint areas of the femur and tibia.

The meniscus distributes the load and protects the articular cartilage, and also partly gives stability to the knee while walking. Inside the knee are two menisci – internal and external. The external meniscus is more mobile; therefore, it is injured much less often. A meniscus injury is a fairly common occurrence, which is most common among physically active citizens.

Despite this, in a small number of cases, menisci are damaged during various degenerative processes inside the knee, for example, osteoarthritis, explains orthopaedic in Delhi.

HOW IS MY KNEE ARRANGED?

The knee joint consists of three bones (femur, tibia, and patella), connected rigidly together with the help of ligaments that stabilize the joint. The articulating surfaces of the bones inside the joint are lined with a smooth protective tissue called articular cartilage, it allows the bones to glide relative to each other.

With arthritis and arthrosis, as well as damage to the menisci and ligaments, cartilage is significantly damaged.

Ligaments are dense structures of connective tissue that hold bone to bone and stabilize the knee. Inside the knee joint are two main ligaments. An anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) and posterior cruciate ligament (PCL). They cross crosswise in the center of the joint, from which they got this name. The other two main ligaments are actually located outside the knee joint, on the outside and inside of the knee. They act to stabilize the lateral movement of the knee.

The ligament on the inside of the knee is called the medial collateral ligament or MCL. The ligament on the outside of the knee is called the lateral collateral ligament or LCL.

The patellar ligament connects the lower pole of the patella with the upper part of the lower leg. The central third of this ligament is sometimes used as a source of graft when restoring a torn anterior cruciate ligament.

The meniscus is a crescent-shaped or C-shaped structure located between the joint areas of the thigh and lower leg. There are two menisci in each knee, one on the inside called the “medial meniscus” and one on the outside called the “lateral meniscus”.

The meniscus is one of the varieties of cartilage. The meniscus can be torn during twisting movements in the knee. Rupture can occur along the inner edge of the meniscus, or, less commonly, along the outer edge. There can also be only a small meniscus gap, for example, a patchwork or a large so-called “handle-watering” gap; it represents a gap along the entire length of the meniscus. Such a gap can block the joint, which means that the leg cannot be straightened to the end. All types of meniscus tears can be successfully treated with arthroscopy in Delhi.

WHAT IS THE MECHANISM OF MENISCUS DAMAGE?

Menisci most often burst during sports, with sharp rotational and rotational-flexion movements in the knee, deep squats, and jumps. A torn meniscus fragment moves into the joint cavity during movements and causes sudden pain and periodic blockages. Meniscus tears are often accompanied by trauma to the cruciate and lateral ligaments of the knee. Due to the peculiarities of meniscus nutrition, they grow to the place of separation extremely rarely, says orthopaedic in West Delhi.

HOW CAN YOU SUSPECT A MENISCUS INJURY?

Common symptoms with a fresh joint injury are inflammation, severe pain, limited mobility in the knee, and fluid buildup in the joint. According to the abatement of the acute period, after a few weeks, the symptoms characteristic of the meniscus rupture come to the fore: local pain at the level of the joint space, “clicks”, “crackling” during movements, muscle hypotrophy, inflammation of the synovial membrane with the formation of effusions, periodic blockages.

HOW TO DIAGNOSE MENISCUS INJURY?

The menisci of the structure are cartilaginous; therefore, they are not visualized on x-rays. The diagnosis is made by a specialist orthopaedic in Dwarka based on complaints, clinical test results, and magnetic resonance imaging data.

WHAT TO DO IMMEDIATELY AFTER AN INJURY?

Immediately after a knee injury, orthopedic in Delhi recommends:

  • immediate limitation of knee loads, moving on crutches;
  • placing a cold compress on the joint, this will reduce pain and swelling, as well as stop bleeding inside the joint. – it is better to use an orthosis or gypsum in a pinch for fixing the knee;
  • giving the limb an elevated position will also help reduce swelling and pain in the knee;
  • take non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs.

HOW TO CURE A TORN MENISCUS?

Treatment of meniscus lesions is more often surgical. Using arthroscopy of the meniscus, partial (partial) or less often complete removal is performed. It is also possible to put stitches on the meniscus and fix it to the tear point, but unfortunately, this does not in all cases give the planned result.

With minor injuries of the meniscus, non-surgical treatment is possible. Indications for surgery are large gaps characterized by mechanical symptoms (clicks, crunching, pinching, limitation of mobility), the recurrent formation of fluid in the joint, as well as in cases of unsuccessful non-surgical treatment. It is worth emphasizing that with meniscus tears orthopaedic surgeon in Delhi does not advise to postpone treatment and put up with poorly tolerated pain in the knee.

A torn meniscus and its fragments can irreversibly destroy articular cartilage, up to its erasure to the bone. In modern conditions, meniscus surgery is performed using arthroscopy. Arthroscopic intervention is performed through two punctures up to 0.7 cm long. An arthroscope is connected to one of the arthroscopes through the camera to the monitor, and instruments for manipulating the joint are inserted through the other.

Meniscus arthroscopy is performed in an aqueous medium. With arthroscopy, it is possible to achieve excellent cosmetic results, the method is not very traumatic, accelerated rehabilitation. The arthroscope allows us to the most distant parts of the joint, the examination of which is not always possible with open operations explains orthopaedic in Janakpuri.

Total Knee Arthroplasty

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What is:

  • Arthroplasty / total knee replacement in Delhi is a surgical intervention in which the worn-out joint surfaces of the femur, tibia and often the kneecap are replaced, as they are a source of disabling pain. Metallic and high-density polyethylene components are placed in place of damaged and painful joint surfaces.

Surgery objectives:

  • The main objective of placing a total knee prosthesis is to treat the pain caused by arthrosis and, at the same time, to improve joint mobility, increase its functional capacity and return quality of life. In some cases, arthrosis results from a misalignment of the knee in varus or valgus (knees arched or knees together, respectively), and then there is a second objective for knee replacement in Dwarka, which is the correction of this anatomical deformity.
  • The joint mobility to be achieved after the surgery will be between 100 to 130 degrees of flexion and the full extension. However, the main factor that determines the postoperative amplitude is the amplitude before surgery, so a knee with reduced mobility will have more difficulty in reaching the intended amplitude.

Indications:

  • All patients with an indication for total arthroplasty are frankly limited to activities of daily living, suffering from an intense and disabling painful condition, resistant to medical and physiatric therapy and without any other surgical option. The age factor should be evaluated according to the currently available statistical data, which shows that the survival of total knee replacement in Delhi is 90% at 10 and 80% at 20 years old (defined by the prostheses still functioning) respectively. However, the placement of knee prostheses can be proposed at younger ages, in particular clinical situations that have no other medical or surgical alternative, which will return the patient’s quality of life. The majority of patients are in the age group above 60 years, with the upper limit today dependent on general clinical condition, with many cases operated after age 80. The surgical risk will always be assessed in the Preoperative Anesthesiology Consultation. Another important factor, regardless of age, is the motivation of the patient and his family, in the face of disability and suffering caused by arthrosis, after an open discussion of the risks and benefits, especially if there are no serious pathologies, which may condition the patient’s longevity.
  • The patient with an indication for this surgery has more frequently developed osteoarthritis of idiopathic etiology (a cause is not identified), mechanical due to axis deviation or post-traumatic, due to sequelae of joint fractures.
  • Rheumatic diseases, especially rheumatoid arthritis, represent the second most important group of pathologies, due to their joint involvement.
  • Excessive body weight is not a contraindication, as long as the patient has a general condition compatible with the surgery. The long-term results are slightly lower, as far as surgery is concerned, however, it must be considered that obesity associated with limited mobility is itself a vicious cycle, both due to the medical pathologies that it originates and due to the greater body weight gain.
  • The longevity of the prosthesis mentioned above, motivates us to try whenever possible a more conservative surgical approach in younger patients, defined by age groups below 60 years of age. This approach consists of arthroscopic gestures, osteotomies for axis correction (“straightening crooked legs”) or even physiotherapy associated with medication and infiltrations in the context of regenerative medicine.

Complications / Risks:

  • Performing an arthroplasty implies risks that must be known to the patient. Possible postoperative complications include thromboembolism, which motivates mandatory pharmacological prevention, skin complications, and neurovascular injuries. The infection, often referred to as rejection, has an incidence of less than 1%, but may require new surgery to wash and replace the prosthesis.
  • The failure of arthroplasty may be due to aseptic detachment (loose components in the absence of infection, due to sensitivity to polyethylene wear) and premature wear of the material. In these cases, it also involves performing a new surgery for its revision/replacement, states orthopaedic in Dwarka.

Surgical technique:

  • The surgical technique we use today is called minimally invasive. It consists in the use of smaller skin incisions, but above all in a lesser aggression of the surrounding soft parts (muscles, synovial membrane, ligaments, vessels, and nerves), explains the orthopaedic in Delhi.
  • This approach allows for a less painful postoperative period, less blood loss, less risk of infection and a faster and less painful recovery. Most patients are able, after an initial period with support and load of the operated lower limb, with 2 crutches, to resume a gait without assistants for 1 to 2 months, depending on the condition of the contralateral knee.
  • In performing this surgery, general or loco-regional anesthesia can be used, depending on the patient’s and anesthetist’s decision, during the Anesthesiology Consultation.
  • The rehabilitation program starts during hospitalization, about 48 hours after surgery, leaving the patient to walk with the help of 2 crutches and able to go up and downstairs.

Postoperative Care:

  • The placement of a knee arthroplasty implies limitations for the practice of sports and should avoid activities with impact. However, walking, golf, gym, swimming, dancing, and cycling are allowed. Patients should promote the longevity of their prosthesis, avoiding overweight, intense physical efforts with impact (running), transporting heavy loads and hyperflexion postures.
  • Any infection that occurs, anywhere in the body, must be treated early and effectively, due to the risk of bacteremia (bacteria circulating in the bloodstream) that can contaminate the knee prosthesis from a distance. For the same reason, antibiotic prevention should also be systematically applied to all dental or endoscopic manipulations, using your attending physician whenever necessary, suggests the orthopaedic in Delhi.

Kidney Failure And Treatment Options

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What is kidney failure?

Renal failure is the deterioration of renal function. The disease can be chronic or acute. It is a chronic disease if the loss of kidney function sets in slowly and develops for more than three months, and can be acute if its installation is less than that period, explains kidney specialist in Delhi.

Serum creatinine is a simple marker of kidney function. Elevated creatinine levels, above 1.2 mg/dl in adults or 0.8 mg/dl in children over 5 years old, indicate renal failure. As with creatinine, there are other substances (for example, urea, potassium, and phosphorus) that due to deficiency of “renal” (glomerular) filtration increase in the blood.

Renal patients often question whether they have only one kidney with a deficiency (unilateral) or whether they are both (bilateral). Situations of acute or chronic renal failure imply a deficiency of both kidneys. If one of the kidneys is functioning normally it compensates for the deficiency of the other, even increasing its size (vicarious kidney). A good example of this is the kidney transplant in Delhi in which only one kidney is inserted in each recipient, achieving “normal” kidney function in situations where the procedure takes place within normal limits.

The most advanced stage of kidney failure, when the “kidney stops working” (terminal or final kidney failure), involves replacing kidney function with dialysis in Delhi (hemodialysis or peritoneal dialysis) or, eventually, with kidney transplantation.

Kidney failure is a common disease, responsible for considerable and increasing spending on health budgets. It presents a wide range of clinical and analytical changes that require the implementation of strategies for its prevention, early detection, and treatment. In this sense, nephrologist in Delhi has been proactive.

Complications of renal failure

The complications of renal failure are varied, ranging from water and electrolyte changes as the elevation of serum potassium, metabolic acidosis, hyper-hydration (edema, hypertension, pulmonary congestion) hypocalcemia, and hyperphosphatemia, explains the best kidney specialist in Delhi.

Other signs and symptoms of renal failure have been previously described, such as anorexia, nausea, vomiting, and asthenia. These changes often result in malnutrition in the renal insufficient patient.

Metabolic bone disease associated with chronic renal failure is common and is manifested by changes in phosphorus and calcium metabolism but also by structural changes in bones and arteries, with emphasis on osteoarthritis and coronary artery calcification, respectively.

Can kidney failure be cured?

Chronic renal failure does not “cure”. It is very important and decisive to delay its progress and correct handling, an early referral to nephrology consultations.

Already acute renal failure can have “healing”. In cases of acute renal failure of toxic origin (drugs or intoxications), it is essential to stop its administration. Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, for example, are a frequent cause of acute renal failure, says nephrologist in Noida.

Treatment of renal failure

The treatment of renal failure is different depending on whether the failure is acute or chronic and its stage of evolution.

After the detection of chronic renal failure, measures must be taken to delay its progression:

  • Control of arterial hypertension;
  • Use of specific drugs to reduce proteinuria (angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors or angiotensin II blockers);
  • Avoid nephrotoxic and intravenous contrast products;
  • Changes in the diet, through a restriction in the consumption of proteins (meat, fish, milk and dairy products).
  • Stop smoking;
  • Treatment of high cholesterol values;
  • Treatment of metabolic acidosis with oral bicarbonate.

The therapeutic approach for “pre-dialysis” chronic kidney failure (stages 1 to 4) is multiple because it addresses various pathologies and complications, already mentioned. It must be guided by the best nephrologist in Delhi, at least from stages 3 to 5.

Acute renal failure is an entity that can be diagnosed as outpatients, but in almost all relevant situations patients are admitted to the hospital. The medication performed in these cases is, in many cases, identical to that of CRF.

The acute renal failure treatment in Delhi and chronic renal failure stage 5 may involve renal replacement therapy, dialysis (hemodialysis or peritoneal dialysis).

In the context of acute renal failure with dialysis, the most common therapy is hemodialysis. In an intensive care environment, it may be necessary to use other forms of dialysis, such as hemofiltration.

The renal transplantation is considered, however, the treatment of chronic renal failure best five-stage suggests kidney transplant doctor in Delhi.

Transplantation in renal failure

The renal transplantation involves an operation (operation) for placing a carcass or kidney from a donor. This space is considered the “divine” space for this procedure, as it allows vascularization and urinary drainage of the transplant with adequate proximity to the recipient’s iliac vessels and bladder, explains nephrologist in Gurgaon.

This procedure necessarily implies the patient’s informed consent.

Kidney transplant in Delhi has several advantages, which translate fundamentally into better quality and quantity of life compared to dialysis, for recipients under the age of 70 years. However, it involves the chronic use of immunosuppressants, which is why it is associated with some complications such as the increased risk of infections and neoplasms, explains doctor for kidney transplant in Delhi.

Diet for kidney failure

The nutrition in chronic kidney disease follows general guidelines, but should ultimately be individualized.

In cases of acute or chronic renal failure with elevated serum potassium (risk of cardiac toxicity), the diet includes restrictions on foods rich in this element such as beans and fruits. The soup must be boiled in two drinks of water. The other therapies that remove potassium from the blood are ion exchange resin and dialysis, suggests doctor for kidney in Delhi.

In an attempt to delay the progression of chronic kidney disease, there are relevant studies that value the dietary restriction of proteins (meat and fish, for example).

There are other metabolic changes that require an individualized diet in kidney diseases, such as hyperphosphatemia and hyperuricemia. Thus, it is not possible to define a “perfect menu” for all renal patients, that is, the diet plan must be individualized and stipulated by the nephrologist in Delhi and nutritionist for each patient.

The Advantages And Risks of Plastic And Reconstructive Surgery

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Plastic surgery in Delhi includes all the procedures that involve the reconstruction or modification of the appearance or shape of a certain part of the body.

The most requested operations aimed at sculpting, modeling or reconstructing an area of ​​the human body are silicone implants, rhinoplasty, blepharoplasty, liposuction, facial lift, breast lift, and botox injections.

The main surgical techniques used can be grouped into two broad categories, depending on the purpose pursued:

  • plastic surgery;
  • reconstructive operations.

What is a cosmetic surgery

Cosmetic surgery in Delhi is a branch of surgery and is aimed at both women and men. Most of the time, the goal of beauty is fulfilled by the cosmetic surgeon in Delhi, the patient finally having a state of well-being, fortunately, marked by increased self-esteem.

Once the physical appearance is improved, the patient will see with other eyes and regain their self- confidence. In other words, if this surgical correction is well indicated, practiced and followed, those who benefit from it will have great satisfaction or even feel completely transformed physically.

What is reconstructive surgery

Reconstructive surgery is more complicated and, at the same time, can be a challenge for the plastic surgeon in Delhi, because, with his help, the surgeon will try to rebuild a damaged or absent body part or function.

The techniques used have different degrees of complexity and try to reconstruct the natural.

The advantages of the two techniques

The advantages of the two techniques will be communicated to the patient by the plastic surgeon in Pitampura who will perform the intervention.

Also, the disadvantages will be exposed from the beginning to the future patient.

It should be kept in mind that the advantages of both techniques and the success of the result will depend on the correctness of the technique used, the experience of the cosmetic surgeon in Pitampura, the quality of the materials used, as well as the individual particularities of the patient.

The main advantages of plastic surgery

  • The aesthetic scars caused by injuries or burns to the face or part of the body are eliminated with the help of reconstructive aesthetic operations.
  • This type of intervention requires the use of skin grafts. It is important to mention that after performing these interventions, the patient will regain his health and confidence in his physical appearance. In addition, he will be able to resume his daily activities before an unpleasant event.
  • Reconstructive surgery can cause a patient to regain the functionality of a hand or leg. For example, a serious accident can end with the amputation of a hand or a leg, which is why the reconstruction operation will restore the functionality of the individual concerned.

The main risks of plastic surgery

  • There are risks regardless of the operating plastic surgeon in Delhi and his experience. The main risks are related to anesthesia, but also to the body’s reaction to the operative act. Thus, even if before the operation the patient undergoes pre-anesthetic analyzes and tests, the risks will be considerably reduced, but they will not be completely eliminated.
  • The main complications are excessive bleeding, infections that may occur, adverse reactions to anesthetic of respiratory, cardiovascular or metabolic nature.
  • The cost of these interventions is quite high and the Health Insurance does not settle them.
Urinary Incontinence

The Main Causes of Frequent Urination

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Motion is the way in which the body eliminates residual fluids. Urine contains water, uric acid, urea, toxins, and waste. The kidneys play an important role in the production of urine.

Frequent urination refers to the need to urinate more often than usual. This can affect your daily life, interrupt your sleep cycle and can be a sign of a medical condition. Elimination of more than 3 liters per day of urine is called polyuria. Often, there is a simple cause of polyuria that can be treated.

Frequent urination should not be confused with urinary incontinence, where there is an involuntary leakage of urine. Urinary frequency is the need to urinate more often. It can occur with urinary incontinence, but it is not the same.

Most people urinate about 6-7 times in 24 hours. The urinary frequency can be defined as needing to urinate more than 7 times in 24 hours, although only about two liters of fluids have been consumed.

However, individuals differ and most people show up to the urologist in Uttam Nagar when urination becomes so frequent that it affects their daily activities. Children have smaller bladders, which is why they will urinate more frequently.

Sometimes, frequent urination can indicate a more serious condition. Early identification can lead to effective timely treatment and can prevent complications.

Causes

Frequent urination may occur as a result of consuming large amounts of liquids, such as coffee or alcohol, or it may develop as a habit.

However, frequent urination can signal certain conditions of the kidneys or bladder.

Causes of frequent urination:

  • diabetes mellitus;
  • Insipid diabetes;
  • Prostate disorders;
  • Pregnancy;
  • Anxiety;
  • Medications (diuretics);
  • Stroke;
  • Infections of the uterine tract;
  • Tumor mass in the pelvic area;
  • Interstitial cystitis (inflammation of the bladder mucosa);
  • Bladder syndrome – causes involuntary contraction of the bladder, causing a sudden need to bite;
  • Bladder cancer;
  • Kidney stones;
  • Urinary incontinence;
  • Radiation of the pelvis, such as that during cancer treatment;
  • Diverticular disease of the colon;
  • Chlamydia (sexually transmitted infection).

There are other causes of frequent urination. Aging leads to this condition because the body no longer produces hormones that prevent urination at night, thus causing nocturia.

The bladder also loses its elasticity throughout life, making it difficult to maintain urine for long periods of time.

Symptoms

Signs and symptoms that may occur when a person frequently urinates are:

  • Pain and discomfort during urination;
  • Hematuria – the presence of blood in the urine;
  • Urinary incontinence;
  • Difficulty with urination;
  • Modified vaginal secretions;
  • You were thirsty;
  • Fever or chills;
  • Nausea and vomiting;
  • Low back pain.

It is recommended to consult the best urologist in Uttam Nagar if these symptoms are present or if the increased urinary frequency affects the quality of life.

Frequent urination may indicate kidney damage. Untreated, it can permanently affect the kidneys. If frequent urination occurs as a result of an infection, bacteria can enter the bloodstream and infect other areas of the body.

This can be life-threatening, which is why it is necessary to consult a urologist in Hari Nagar early.

Diagnostics

The best urologist in Hari Nagar will perform a detailed analysis of the patient’s history and a physical examination, requesting as much information about the symptoms. They can request information about:

  • The moment when the need for frequent urination arose;
  • Details about the drugs administered;
  • The amount of liquids consumed;
  • If there is any change in color, odor or consistency of urine;
  • If alcohol or caffeine is consumed and in what quantities.

Investigations include:

  • Uro-culture;
  • Blood Tests;
  • Abdominal ultrasound;
  • Radiography or CT of the abdomen or pelvis;
  • Neurological testing to detect any nervous disorder.

Urodynamic tests

Urodynamic tests evaluate the effectiveness of the bladder in the storage and delivery of urine and examine the functions of the urethra. They aim to:

  • Record the time required to produce a urinary flow;
  • Mention of the amount of urine produced;
  • The ability to stop a urinary flow.

To obtain accurate measurements, the urologist in Dwarka can use:

  • Imaging equipment to observe the filling and emptying of the bladder;
  • Devices that allow the measurement of the pressure inside the bladder;
  • Sensors that allow the recording of muscular and nervous activity.

The patient must change his fluid intake or give up certain medications before testing, according to the recommendations of the best urologist in Dwarka.

Treatment

Treatment will depend on the causes underlying the disease:

  • If the diagnosis is diabetes, the treatment will aim to keep the blood sugar under control;
  • In bacterial infections, the typical treatment is represented by antibiotics;
  • If the causative factor is an overactive bladder, medicines known as anticholinergics may be used. They prevent the occurrence of involuntary muscle contractions in the bladder.

It is recommended that the medication be prescribed and monitored by a urologist in Delhi. Specialists recommend training the bladder for the improvement of symptoms. This can be done as follows:

  • Pregnant women can do Kegel exercises (contracting followed by relaxation of pubococcal muscles). These exercises can help the pregnant woman improve her control over these muscles;
  • Train the bladder in maintaining a longer time of the urine. The training is effective if it lasts at least 2-3 months;
  • Monitoring of fluid intake. The patient should especially avoid the use of fluids before bedtime.

Prevention

People can take measures to reduce the likelihood of developing this disorder:

  • Avoid drinking certain foods before bedtime. Drinks and foods known to increase the likelihood of nocturia are alcohol, citrus juice, coffee, tea, tomatoes, melons, cucumbers;
  • Maintaining an active lifestyle;
  • Avoid foods that can irritate the bladder or act as diuretics, such as chocolate, spicy foods or artificial sweeteners;
  • Constipation can also contribute to frequent urination by exerting pressure on the bladder. It is necessary to increase the fiber intake or use laxatives, as they can help reduce constipation;
  • Performing Kegel pelvic exercises. They help to deepen the muscles that support the bladder and pelvic organs.

Conclusions

Frequent urination can be a symptom of several basic conditions. If it occurs, it is recommended to consult a urologist in Delhi.

It can make a correct diagnosis and can also provide proper treatment.

Hip Arthroplasty

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Hip Prosthesis Surgery

The hip replacement in Delhi is an operation performed with a 10-12 cm incision and through which makes resection of the femoral head and the acetabular cartilage to allow for its replacement by an implant (prosthesis) of metal.

The hip prosthesis can be fixed to the bone by applying a special cement (cemented prosthesis), which adheres and hardens within a few minutes, allowing the load to patients immediately after hip replacement surgery in Delhi. It is ideal for older patients, with more osteoporotic bone, or who have worse bone stock due to rheumatism pathology.

Cementless prostheses are applied under pressure (press-fit). They are produced with a rough and porous surface, usually coated with hydroxyapatite, to allow a process of incorporation by bone growth into the interior of your pores, allowing a very firm and lasting fixation.

Generally, the application of a total hip prosthesis does not require general anesthesia, but a locoregional block, with the placement of a catheter to control postoperative pain.

Total Hip Arthroplasty

A hip replacement surgery in West Delhi is a surgery that has undergone a major evolution. Its application is possible by mini-invasive techniques, which provide the patient with better and easier recoveries.

Also, in terms of instruments for placing the total hip prosthesis, technical advances have been made in order to make them more precise and versatile with solutions for the different types of hip to be replaced. This evolution was based on a better knowledge of the anatomy and biomechanics of the joint.

Finally, the interfaces between the femoral and acetabular components have also improved. In addition to the classic metal-polyethylene, it is possible to apply ceramic components that show wear rates and production of smaller particles, and therefore, allowing greater durability of the implants.

Partial Hip Arthroplasty

In some situations, in which the acetabulum is spared and a very elderly patient has suffered a fracture of the femoral neck, it is possible that the Orthopaedic in Delhi may choose to perform a partial hip arthroplasty, replacing only the femoral head and thus making a procedure simpler and less invasive for the patient.

This saves operational time and blood loss, which can be important in patients who are very weak and whose general condition needs to be optimized.

Hip Arthroplasty – Risks, Complications

Hip replacement in West Delhi is not without risks and complications.

First of all, there are complications that can occur in any joint replacement surgery in Delhi, regardless of the joint. These are hemorrhages, infections or venous thrombosis.

Then there are the specific complications of hip arthroplasty. At an early stage, during and immediately after surgery, vascular injuries (including injuries to the sciatic nerve), dysmetria and instability may occur, with the occurrence of dislocation of the prosthesis. In a later stage, periprosthetic fractures or even detachments of the prosthesis may occur.

Currently, the technical solutions available to the orthopaedic surgeon in Delhi are increasingly varied and versatile to solve these situations, namely with the use of the so-called hip arthroplasty revision surgery.

Hip Arthroplasty – Recovery

The recovery after performing total hip arthroplasty, is increasingly rapid and simple for the patient, since the surgery is less invasive, more effective control of pain and more accelerated rehabilitation protocols.

The recovery time is thus substantially reduced. Lift and load on the operated limb are allowed on the first day after surgery, with discharge to hospital generally occurring between the 3rd and 4th day. The stitches are removed at 15 days in the outpatient consultation and the patient usually dispenses with the use of external gait supports (Canadian), at around 3-4 weeks.

In our clinical practice, on the 1st postoperative day, the patient undergoing a total hip prosthesis begins a physiotherapy regimen, with a bi-daily visit by a specialized Physiotherapist in Delhi. Immediate mobilization prevents the occurrence of deep venous thrombosis, prevents muscle atrophy and facilitates lifting.

Physiotherapy starts immediately with exercises taught during hospitalization, namely gait training and up and downstairs.

After the first 2 weeks after a total hip replacement in Delhi, the exercises are specifically aimed at strengthening the muscles involved in walking, especially the glutes or swimmers (namely the middle).

Hydrotherapy is also recommended at a more advanced stage of recovery, in order to improve joint tone and proprioceptivity, as well as increase the patient’s general well-being and confidence.

Hip Prosthesis Surgery – Price

The price of a hip surgery can vary according to the type of surgical intervention and the type of prosthesis placed. The amount may also fluctuate if the patient has any health insurance and associated conditions.

Only the orthopedic in Delhi can determine how much the operation costs, through a thorough analysis in the consultation.

Why Does Urinary Tract Infections Recur?

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Recurrent urinary tract infection or chronic urinary tract infection involves at least two episodes in a period of six months or three episodes in a year.

Usually, women have problems with recurrent urinary tract infections. Moreover, recurrent urinary tract infection can even lead to kidney stones.

In 85% of cases, the bacterium involved is Escherichia Coli, a germ that is commonly found in the colon and anus. This bacterium colonizes and infects the urinary tract, causing the appearance of urethritis, cystitis, pyelonephritis, but also prostate abscess explains nephrologist in Delhi.

Factors that lead to the recurrence of urinary tract infections

Recurrent urinary tract infections are most often caused by different bacteria. Diabetes is a powerful predisposing factor. The factors involved in the occurrence of recurrent urinary tract infections differ by sex.

Thus, the main predisposing factors are the abnormalities of the urinary tract, the insufficient emptying of the bladder, chronic constipation, the use of the diaphragm as a contraceptive method, poor hygiene, inflammatory pelvic disease, vaginitis and atrophic urethritis (after the installation of menopause), says the best nephrologist in Delhi.

In men, the main factors that cause urinary tract infections to recur are incomplete urination, prostate adenoma, anatomical abnormalities of the urinary tract, low immunity.

Symptoms of urinary tract infection

  • Frequent urination;
  • The sensation continues to urinate;
  • Pain in the lower back;
  • Fever may sometimes be present;
  • Nausea, dizziness, vomiting;
  • The urine is cloudy and has a bad, altered odor.

Diagnosis

The patient will have a summary of urine and a cytobacteriological examination. After the result of the laboratory tests, it is possible that the kidney specialist in Delhi may also want to perform additional tests, such as pelvic ultrasound or urography.

The main rules for the prevention of urinary tract infections

  • Adequate local hygiene. Wash daily with hot water and soap. Do not use bath foam or shower gel for the genital area. Also, make sure that your underwear is made from natural materials.
  • The sense of deletion is made from the front to the back, to avoid the transmission of bacteria in the urinary tract.
  • The fluid intake is directly proportional to the volume of urine removed.
  • Menopause women are advised to undergo estrogen replacement therapy.
  • Urination immediately after sexual contact is recommended by nephrologist in Noida.
  • Long-term antibiotic administration should be done only at the recommendation of a specialist nephrologist in Gurgaon.
  • Vitamin C also has the role of protecting the bladder against bacteria.

Treatment for recurrent urinary tract infections

It is possible for the patient to undergo antibiotic treatment for 6 months, sometimes even longer. Proper hydration is especially important.

It is also essential to educate the habit of urinating before and after intercourse to facilitate the elimination of bacteria that can settle in the urethra. For the treatment of urinary tract infections it is also important to treat chronic constipation efficiently, suggest the best kidney specialist in Delhi.

Possible complications

It is obligatory for the patient to come to the nephrologist in Delhi to initiate antibiotic treatment. If the condition is not treated, it can be complicated by infections in the kidney (pyelonephritis), which can lead to even loss of renal function.